The Push-Pull Model Of Gravity

This Text Is The Third Gravity Model Based Upon Negative Radiation Pressure As Gravity. It Might Be Called, The "Push-Pull" Model Of Gravity And Was Conceived In Early June, 2001. The First Gravity Model Is Located At: http://www.johnkharms.com/gravitation.htm . The Second Model Is Based Heavily Upon The General Theory Of Relativity. See: http://www.johnkharms.com/GTR.htm . Another Related Work Is Photon Holes As Neutrinos At: http://www.johnkharms.com/neutrino-holes.htm .

Gravity As The Emission Of Photon Holes By Bodies And An Equal Push From Space

Are Gravitons Photons And Photon Holes?

Is Gravity A Push-Pull Effect?

By: John K. Harms

Email: harmsjk3@earthlink.net

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Abstract:

This model might be called "push-pull gravity". The electromagnetic field applies both pushes and pulls to bodies in the field. This is accomplished via photons and photon "holes" in the field traveling both forward and backward-in-time respectively. Two images are provided to help the reader better understand the points made within the text. Since in the author's other work on electromagnetic forces that both photons and photon holes are utilized, so in this text, gravity becomes an effect of both photons and photon holes. In this way, gravity can be understood to be electromagnetic in nature and, thus, the two forces may be unified. The probable consequences of this text are discussed.

Key Words: Push, Pull, Photons, Photon Holes, Gravity, Electromagnetic Field, Unification, Mass-Growth

Introduction

The author believes that this model of gravity is one of the simplest "radiation pressure" model of gravity imaginable. It was said by George Orwell in 1946 that, "To see what is in front of one's nose requires a constant struggle". That is the way it was with this model, the author stumbled over it, dismissing it many times before seeing in the end its overall simplicity and internal beauty.

The author was drawn to this idea out of the desire for simplicity. If radiation pressure is indeed responsible for gravity, then something similar to this must be the actual case! Gravity may be a push-pull effect.

Gravity And The Electromagnetic Qualities Of Photons And Photon Holes

As described in previous texts, the author has a somewhat different view of the electromagnetic field as seen in this image (# 1):

Of interest above (as there is a far deeper description and analysis of this image in the "Space-Grid" text at the link below) is that photon holes always accompany photons; both as integral aspects of the electromagnetic wave as it propagates along. Hopefully, one can picture the "Z" and "Y" vector lines above as being in oscillation up and down propagating along the "X" axis--an electromagnetic wave.

Since photon holes travel backward-in-time from ordinary photons and may be responsible for the perception of darkness (See the "Photon Hole Darkness Hypothesis" at the link below), one might picture this in the image (# 2) below as:

Notable above in image # 2 is that from the perspective of the light bulb and also of antimatter (see the "Antimatter" text for further details at the link below), ordinary photons travel outward and away from the bulb, whilst photon holes (in motion backward-in-time) travel inward toward the bulb. Thus, in image # 2 (and image # 1 also) above, ordinary photons can be understood as traveling outward and away from the source and photon holes travel inward toward the light bulb or other light source. This is a kind of equilibrium "balancing act" taking place in the electromagnetic field--a kind of push-pull. Hence, the longitudinal aspects of the electromagnetic wave is that photons and holes are traveling in both directions forward and backward-in-time and space along the "X" axis.

Radiation pressure outward, therefore, can be viewed not only as photons pushing on objects near the light source outward, but also as photon holes imparting negative (attractive) impulses on the side opposite the object "feeling" the pressure force. Hence, one side pushes (positive pressure), while the other pulls (negative pressure)! This push-pull phenomenon, thus, becomes a consequence of this model.

Again, this is true also for pieces of antimatter which are assumed to be composed of photons (as well as light bulbs or other light sources such as stars). In the case of antimatter, however, this may be difficult to test due to the very small pieces of antimatter that have been found in nature thus far. So, in both antimatter and a light source not only are photons emitted outward, but darkness photons travel inward.

Matter, however, on the right-hand side of this image, is primarily the subject of this text. Due to the incoming radiation background attracted to matter, matter emits photon holes and oppositely also attracts photons. These again move together in the electromagnetic field in opposing directions back and forth along the "X" axis as in image # 1. Thus, the photon holes pull on bodies (imparting negative impulses) and the photons from space push (at the same time!). See the right hand side of image # 2 above.

When photons in the electromagnetic field are attracted to a massive body, which may be to the void that is (for example) the Earth, the Earth also must emit photon holes outward "backward-in-time". These photon holes impart negative impulses (a pull) to objects in the gravitational field.

Hence, when one is hit by a photon hole from a body, one is given a negative impulse toward the body. This phenomena is the same as if an ordinary photon impacted your body from the opposite side toward the body. In fact, as mentioned earlier, both of these phenomena must be taking place at the same time! Therefore, the effect we call gravity is not only positive impulses from incoming photons hitting our bodies toward the Earth, but also negative impulses (the absence of photons) hitting our body emitted by the Earth. This is the push-pull effect. Again, this occurs because the electromagnetic field has both photon and photon holes traveling in opposite directions within it. It is recommended to study both image # 1 and # 2 above.

If the matter of the Earth is composed of photon holes at below the speed of light c (at the Higg's frequencies), this is the type of radiation void that would attract the electromagnetic field toward it. Hence, radiation voids do attract radiation. See the "Matter As Photon Holes" text for more information about this idea.

As in previous gravity efforts, the push-pull radiation impulses always obey the 1/d^2 (inverse-square law) of Newtonian gravity. See the "Gravitation Model # 1" text at the link below for more about this reasoning.

These kind of photon holes are not mere shadows. In this case, these photon holes have the particle-like qualities of opposite spin, energy, frequency and the direction-of-time as do ordinary photons. So, again, these photon holes cannot be identical to shadows.

Despite the fact that the author has proposed a model of darkness in which photon holes are the stimuli for darkness and blackness, the author believes that photon holes have the same physical "reality" as do all ordinary photons! However, since one can describe the physical characteristics (mentioned in the previous paragraph) that these photon holes should have, is a photon hole equivalent to a graviton?

Two Types Of Gravitons

The author proposes something different here; not only that a photon hole is a graviton as was alluded to above, but so also is an ordinary photon! These two effects operate in cooperation to impart quantum gravity to a body. So, both photons and photon holes are gravitons. These are the particles that both carry the push and pull effects in the gravitational field.

Since, as proposed in the "Photon Emission" text at the link below, there are two types of photons (photons and photon holes), so must there also be two types of gravitons--photons and photon holes.

Therefore, to unify gravity with electromagnetic forces it is important to understand that photons and photon holes are both integral aspects of that unification. In the "Space-Grid" text at the link below it is important to note that both photons and photon holes are necessary for the "wave" aspects of the particles to be realized. In this text, gravity also requires the impulses granted by both photon and photon holes to be present. Hence, in this way, the relationship of gravity with electromagnetic forces can be linked to each other.

What in electromagnetic theory determines the pathways for photon probabilities, in this model provides the impulse pushes and pulls to bodies in the gravitational field. The would-be pathways of the photons as defined by the photon-photon hole interactions create the force of quantum gravity. This takes place when the photon paths from space impact objects in the gravitational field on their backsides, whilst the photon holes impact the side toward the Earth--the push & pull effect.

If there were no massive bodies at all in the gravitational field to impact, the photons and holes would simply go about their business defining the probabilities for the likely paths as defined by the Feynman sum-over-histories approach to quantum mechanics. See the "Space-Grid" text for further information about the author's ideas concerning the Feynman "sums" at the link below.

Gravity And Mass Growth

It is worthy of note that in this model that if the Earth is a composite structure made of photon holes that the Earth's gravity would tend to reduce its mass over time. This is because if the Earth is made of photon holes, the incoming photons would tend to cancel (or fill) these holes. The emission of photon holes by the Earth would also tend to add photons filling even more photon holes in the Earth. Hence, if the Earth is made of photon holes, the Earth may slowly melt away.

If, on the other hand, the Earth is made of ordinary positive energy matter, both the emission of photon holes by the Earth and the addition of photons from space would tend to add mass to the Earth over time. Since there is some evidence for the expansion of the Earth and the other planets, this may add weight to the notion that matter is NOT composed of photon holes, but only made of ordinary positive matter. See the "Gravity-Growth" text and/or the "Planetary Expansion Evidence" text for further information.

Conclusion

This gravity model leads to the following probable consequences:

1) Ordinary radiation pressure from a light source is not only a push outward, but also negative impulse or pull outward--an effect of both photons and photon holes.

2) Similar to # 1, gravity is both a push and a pull by the photons from space and the photon holes emitted by a body.

3) To unify gravity with electromagnetic forces, it is important to see that the forces require both photons and photon holes. Electromagnetic gravity is both a push from space and a pull toward a massive body.

4) It is, therefore, the electromagnetic field, a background of photons and photon holes, that is responsible for push-pull gravity.

Acknowledgment

I wish to thank Martin Holla for his contributions to this text concerning negative impulse gravitons. Martin's ideas were helpful in the formulation of this gravity model--the "pull" aspects of the model.

Relevant Links

Gravity Model # 1: http://www.johnkharms.com/gravitation.htm

Gravity Model # 2 (General Relativity Related): http://www.johnkharms.com/GTR.htm

Quantum Space: http://www.johnkharms.com/space.htm

Matter As Photon Holes: http://www.johnkharms.com/matter.htm

The Photon Hole Darkness Hypothesis: http://www.johnkharms.com/darkhole.htm

The Space-Grid: http://www.johnkharms.com/grid.htm

Antimatter: http://www.johnkharms.com/antimatter.htm

Photon Emission: http://www.johnkharms.com/photon.htm

Gravity-Growth: http://www.johnkharms.com/gravity-growth.htm

Planetary Expansion Evidence: http://www.johnkharms.com/planetary.htm

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Reader's Note: Proper References And/Or Acknowledgments To This Text Are Appreciated.